محمد طلال هديب
08-03-2009, 01:51 PM
Marie Curie
file:///C:/DOCUME~1/3B5D~1/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.jpg (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mariecurie.jpg)
Marie Curie (born Maria Skłodowska, also known as Marie Curie-Skłodowska; November 7 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_7), 1867 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1867) – July 4 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_4), 1934 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934)) was a physicist (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicist) and chemist (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemist) of Polish (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland) upbringing and, subsequently, French (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France) citizenship. She was a pioneer in the field of radioactivity (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactivity), the first twice-honored Nobel laureate (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_laureate) (to this day, the only one to win the award in two different sciences) and the first female professor at the University of Paris (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Paris).
She was born in Warsaw (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw), Congress Poland (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_Poland), Russian Empire (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Empire), and lived there until she was 24. In 1891 she followed her elder sister to study in Paris (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris), where she obtained her higher degrees and conducted her scientific work. She founded the Curie Institutes (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curie_Institute) in Paris and Warsaw. She was the wife of fellow-Nobel-laureate Pierre Curie (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Curie) and the mother of a third Nobel laureate, Irène Joliot-Curie (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie).
While an actively loyal French citizen, she never lost her sense of Polish identity. Madame Curie named the first new chemical element (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_element) that she discovered (1898) "polonium (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonium)" for her native country,[1] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Curie#cite_note-0#cite_note-0) and in 1932 she founded a Radium Institute (now the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curie_Institute_%28Warsaw%29)) in her home town, Warsaw (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw), headed by her physician-sister Bronisława, who had likewise studied in Paris.
file:///C:/DOCUME~1/3B5D~1/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.jpg (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mariecurie.jpg)
Marie Curie (born Maria Skłodowska, also known as Marie Curie-Skłodowska; November 7 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_7), 1867 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1867) – July 4 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_4), 1934 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934)) was a physicist (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicist) and chemist (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemist) of Polish (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland) upbringing and, subsequently, French (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France) citizenship. She was a pioneer in the field of radioactivity (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactivity), the first twice-honored Nobel laureate (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_laureate) (to this day, the only one to win the award in two different sciences) and the first female professor at the University of Paris (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Paris).
She was born in Warsaw (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw), Congress Poland (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_Poland), Russian Empire (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Empire), and lived there until she was 24. In 1891 she followed her elder sister to study in Paris (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris), where she obtained her higher degrees and conducted her scientific work. She founded the Curie Institutes (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curie_Institute) in Paris and Warsaw. She was the wife of fellow-Nobel-laureate Pierre Curie (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Curie) and the mother of a third Nobel laureate, Irène Joliot-Curie (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie).
While an actively loyal French citizen, she never lost her sense of Polish identity. Madame Curie named the first new chemical element (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_element) that she discovered (1898) "polonium (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonium)" for her native country,[1] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Curie#cite_note-0#cite_note-0) and in 1932 she founded a Radium Institute (now the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curie_Institute_%28Warsaw%29)) in her home town, Warsaw (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw), headed by her physician-sister Bronisława, who had likewise studied in Paris.